Skip to main content
Key findings

Luxembourg leads globally with the highest workforce AI exposure score at 5.87/10, followed by Macao (5.74) and the Netherlands (5.44). High-income economies with large professional and service sectors dominate the top rankings. Germany ranks 9th globally at 5.3/10 -- Europe's largest economy also faces among the fastest disruption timelines, scoring 9.6/10 for risk velocity. At the other end, sub-Saharan countries such as Tanzania (2.85/10) and Rwanda (2.91/10) score lowest, reflecting agriculture-heavy workforces where physical labour remains difficult to automate. The global workforce-weighted average across all 206 countries is approximately 4.2/10. Data covers employment, wages, and four automation risk dimensions for every country.

206countries
5.87highest AI score (Luxembourg)
2.85lowest AI score (Tanzania)
4risk dimensions tracked

Tier A Full data - employment, wages, AI scores (21 countries)

AL Albania 3.7/10 AU Australia 5.0/10 BG Bulgaria 4.7/10 CA Canada 5.3/10 CY Cyprus 5.0/10 CZ Czechia 4.8/10 EE Estonia 4.9/10 DE Germany 5.3/10 IS Iceland 5.0/10 IE Ireland 5.1/10 LV Latvia 4.7/10 LT Lithuania 5.0/10 NL Netherlands 5.4/10 NO Norway 5.0/10 PL Poland 5.0/10 SK Slovakia 4.9/10 SI Slovenia 4.9/10 ES Spain 4.7/10 CH Switzerland 5.3/10 GB United Kingdom 5.1/10 US United States 5.1/10

Tier B Employment and AI scores from Eurostat (19 countries)

AT Austria 5.1/10 BE Belgium 5.3/10 BA Bosnia and Herzegovina 4.3/10 HR Croatia 4.9/10 DK Denmark 5.1/10 FI Finland 4.9/10 FR France 5.1/10 GR Greece 4.9/10 HU Hungary 4.8/10 IT Italy 4.8/10 LU Luxembourg 5.9/10 MT Malta 4.9/10 ME Montenegro 4.7/10 MK North Macedonia 4.5/10 PT Portugal 4.9/10 RO Romania 4.3/10 RS Serbia 4.7/10 SE Sweden 5.3/10 TR Türkiye 4.1/10

Tier C ILO employment data with time-series 2010-2025 (166 countries)

AF Afghanistan 3.1/10 DZ Algeria 3.8/10 AO Angola 3.4/10 AR Argentina 4.4/10 AM Armenia 4.0/10 AW Aruba 4.6/10 AZ Azerbaijan 3.9/10 BS Bahamas 4.2/10 BH Bahrain 4.1/10 BD Bangladesh 3.2/10 BB Barbados 4.4/10 BY Belarus 4.4/10 BZ Belize 3.7/10 BJ Benin 3.2/10 BT Bhutan 3.8/10 BO Bolivia 3.6/10 BW Botswana 3.6/10 BR Brazil 4.1/10 BN Brunei 4.6/10 BF Burkina Faso 3.4/10 BI Burundi 3.0/10 CV Cabo Verde 3.6/10 KH Cambodia 3.2/10 CM Cameroon 3.8/10 KY Cayman Islands 4.5/10 CF Central African Republic 3.2/10 TD Chad 3.1/10 CL Chile 4.2/10 CN China 4.5/10 CO Colombia 3.9/10 KM Comoros 3.7/10 CG Congo 3.8/10 CD DR Congo 3.4/10 CK Cook Islands 4.4/10 CR Costa Rica 4.1/10 CU Cuba 4.2/10 CW Curaçao 4.7/10 CI Côte d'Ivoire 3.3/10 DJ Djibouti 4.5/10 DO Dominican Republic 3.9/10 EC Ecuador 3.3/10 EG Egypt 3.9/10 SV El Salvador 3.6/10 GQ Equatorial Guinea 3.8/10 ER Eritrea 3.4/10 SZ Eswatini 3.7/10 ET Ethiopia 2.9/10 FJ Fiji 4.0/10 PF French Polynesia 5.1/10 GA Gabon 3.7/10 GM Gambia 3.4/10 GE Georgia 3.9/10 GH Ghana 3.4/10 GD Grenada 3.2/10 GU Guam 5.2/10 GT Guatemala 3.3/10 GN Guinea 3.4/10 GW Guinea-Bissau 3.0/10 GY Guyana 3.8/10 HT Haiti 3.3/10 HN Honduras 3.3/10 HK Hong Kong 5.2/10 IN India 3.3/10 ID Indonesia 3.4/10 IR Iran 3.7/10 IQ Iraq 3.8/10 IM Isle of Man 5.1/10 IL Israel 5.1/10 JM Jamaica 4.1/10 JP Japan 4.9/10 JO Jordan 3.9/10 KZ Kazakhstan 4.0/10 KE Kenya 3.2/10 KI Kiribati 3.5/10 KP North Korea 3.5/10 KR South Korea 4.8/10 KW Kuwait 3.6/10 KG Kyrgyzstan 3.7/10 LA Laos 3.2/10 LB Lebanon 3.9/10 LS Lesotho 3.0/10 LR Liberia 3.7/10 LY Libya 4.5/10 MO Macao 5.7/10 MG Madagascar 2.9/10 MW Malawi 3.4/10 MY Malaysia 4.1/10 MV Maldives 4.4/10 ML Mali 3.3/10 MH Marshall Islands 4.2/10 MR Mauritania 4.2/10 MU Mauritius 4.3/10 MX Mexico 3.8/10 FM Micronesia 3.8/10 MD Moldova 3.6/10 MN Mongolia 4.0/10 MS Montserrat 4.5/10 MA Morocco 3.1/10 MZ Mozambique 3.1/10 MM Myanmar 3.2/10 NA Namibia 4.6/10 NR Nauru 4.5/10 NP Nepal 3.4/10 NC New Caledonia 5.2/10 NZ New Zealand 5.3/10 NI Nicaragua 4.2/10 NE Niger 3.1/10 NG Nigeria 3.3/10 NU Niue 4.8/10 OM Oman 3.9/10 PK Pakistan 3.3/10 PW Palau 4.5/10 PS Palestine 3.7/10 PA Panama 3.9/10 PG Papua New Guinea 3.5/10 PY Paraguay 3.7/10 PE Peru 3.5/10 PH Philippines 3.6/10 PR Puerto Rico 5.0/10 QA Qatar 4.1/10 RU Russia 4.6/10 RW Rwanda 2.9/10 RE Réunion 5.1/10 LC Saint Lucia 4.1/10 VC Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4.9/10 WS Samoa 3.8/10 ST Sao Tome and Principe 3.5/10 SA Saudi Arabia 4.8/10 SN Senegal 3.4/10 SC Seychelles 4.4/10 SL Sierra Leone 3.2/10 SG Singapore 5.3/10 SB Solomon Islands 3.6/10 SO Somalia 3.8/10 ZA South Africa 4.8/10 SS South Sudan 4.1/10 LK Sri Lanka 3.5/10 SD Sudan 3.2/10 SR Suriname 4.2/10 SY Syria 4.3/10 TW Taiwan 4.8/10 TJ Tajikistan 3.4/10 TZ Tanzania 2.9/10 TH Thailand 3.6/10 TL Timor-Leste 3.3/10 TG Togo 3.3/10 TK Tokelau 4.5/10 TO Tonga 4.1/10 TT Trinidad and Tobago 4.1/10 TN Tunisia 3.6/10 TM Turkmenistan 4.7/10 TV Tuvalu 4.8/10 UG Uganda 3.1/10 UA Ukraine 4.6/10 AE United Arab Emirates 4.1/10 UY Uruguay 4.2/10 UZ Uzbekistan 4.4/10 VU Vanuatu 3.3/10 VE Venezuela 4.1/10 VN Vietnam 3.3/10 VI US Virgin Islands 5.0/10 WF Wallis and Futuna 4.5/10 EH Western Sahara 4.5/10 YE Yemen 3.5/10 ZM Zambia 3.2/10 ZW Zimbabwe 3.2/10